Computer organization and operation

Computer has five unit to generate and operation:

Input data
Store data
Process data
Output data
Control workflow

Input data:

This unit contains devices with the help of which we enter data into computer. This unit makes link between user and computer. The input device translate the information into the form understandable to computer.

Store data:

It’s called CPU (Central Processing Unit). It is considered as the brain of computer. CPU performs all types of data processing operations. It stores data, intermediate results and instructions. It control the operation of all parts of computer.

CPU has three components:

ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit)
Memory Unit
Control Unit

Output Unit:

Output Unit consists of devices with the help of which we get the information from computer. This unit is a link between computer and users. Output devices translate the computers output into the form understandable by users.

Control Unit:

This unit controls the operations of all parts of computer but does’nt carry out the any actual data processing operations.

Functions of this unit:

It is responsible for controlling the transfer of data and instructions among other units of a computer.
It means and co-ordinates all the units of the computer.
It obtain the instructions from the memory, interprets them and directs the operation of the computer.
It communicates with input and output devices for transfer of data or results from storage.
It does not process or store data.

ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit):

The unit consists of two subsections namely

Arithmetic section
Logic section

Arithmetic section:

Function of arithmetic section is to perform arithmetic operations like addition, subtraction, multiplication and division. All complex operation are done by making repetitive use of above operations.

Logic section:

Function of logic section is to perform logic operation such as comparing, selecting, matching and merging of data.

Devices used in computer: